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Johann Peter Salomon (20 February 1745 () – 28 November 1815) was a German violinist, composer, conductor and musical impresario. ==Life== He was born in Bonn and was the second son of Philipp Salomon, an oboist at the court in Bonn. His birth home was at Bonngasse 515, coincidentally the later birth home of Beethoven.〔Robbins Landon (1976, 24)〕 At the age of thirteen, he became a violinist in the court orchestra and six years later became the concert master of the orchestra of Prince Heinrich of Prussia. He composed several works for the court, including four operas and an oratorio. He moved to London in the early 1780s, where he worked as a composer and played violin both as a celebrated soloist and in a string quartet. He made his first public appearance at Covent Garden on 23 March 1781. While in England, Salomon composed two operas for the Royal Opera,〔Of his 1795 opera ''Windsor Castle'', Joseph Haydn wrote "ganz passabel"; "quite passable". Haydn wrote an overture for the opera (Robbins Landon 1976: 24, 483).〕 several art songs, a number of concertos, and chamber music pieces. He is perhaps best known today, however, as a concert organiser and conductor. Salomon brought Joseph Haydn to London in 1791–92 and 1794–95, and together with Haydn led the first performances of many of the works that Haydn composed while in England.〔At the performances, both Haydn and Salomon were seated center stage. Haydn (who according to Burney "presided" seated at a piano while Salomon led with his violin, a common practice of the time. The tempos were set by Salomon. See Robbins Landon (1976: 52, 56-57).〕 Haydn wrote his symphonies numbers 93 to 104 for these trips, which are sometimes known as the ''Salomon'' symphonies (they are more widely known as the London symphonies). Haydn's esteem for his impresario and orchestral leader can sometimes be seen in the symphonies: for example, the cadenza in the slow movement of the 96th and the phrase marked ''Salomon solo ma piano'' in the trio of the 97th; the Sinfonia Concertante in B-flat major was composed for Salomon, who played the solo violin part; and the six string quartets opp. 71 and 74, written between the two London visits in 1793, though dedicated to Count Apponyi, were clearly designed for the public performances that Salomon's quartet gave in London. Salomon is also said to have had a hand in providing Haydn with the original model for the text of ''The Creation''. He was one of the founder-members of the Philharmonic Society and led the orchestra at its first concert on 8 March 1813. Salomon is also believed to have given the ''Jupiter'' nickname to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's ''Symphony No. 41''.〔Heartz, Daniel, ''Mozart, Haydn and Early Beethoven 1781-1802'', p. 210, Norton (2009), ISBN 978-0-393-06634-0〕 Amongst his protégés was the English composer and soloist George Pinto. Salomon died in London in 1815, of injuries suffered when he was thrown from his horse.〔Robbins Landon (1976, 27)〕 He is buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johann Peter Salomon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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